2. Perbedaan Arsitektur Fundamental

swift
CocoaPods Architecture:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ MyApp.xcworkspace                           │
│   ├── MyApp.xcodeproj    (project asli)     │
│   └── Pods/                                 │
│       ├── Pods.xcodeproj (generated)        │
│       ├── Alamofire/     (source pods)      │
│       ├── Firebase/      (source pods)      │
│       └── Headers/       (generated)        │
│                                             │
│  Pods.xcodeproj build → libPods.a           │
│  MyApp links → libPods.a                    │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

SPM Architecture:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ MyApp.xcodeproj                             │
│   ├── Package.resolved   (lock file)        │
│   └── (package ref dalam project.pbxproj)  │
│                                             │
│ ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/                  │
│   DerivedData/SourcePackages/               │
│     checkouts/           (source)           │
│     artifacts/           (binary targets)   │
│     build/               (compiled)         │
│                                             │
│  Xcode build package → .o files             │
│  Link langsung ke app binary                │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Perbedaan Kunci

Aspek	CocoaPods	SPM
Maintenance	Community (third-party)	Apple (first-party)
Bahasa config	Ruby (Podfile)	Swift (Package.swift)
Modifikasi xcodeproj	Ya (generate workspace)	Minimal (reference saja)
Binary support	Framework, static lib	`.xcframework` binary targets
Private library hosting	Git, HTTP, local path	Git, HTTP, local path
Script hooks	`pre_install`, `post_install`	Build tool plugins
Resource bundling	`resource_bundles` di podspec	`resources` di Package.swift
Conditional deps	`subspecs`	`conditional()` targets
Resolution algorithm	CDN + git	git tags/branches/commits
Swift Concurrency support	External concerns	Native
Apple Silicon native	Workaround (`arch -x86_64`)	Native